San Antonio truck accident lawyer expertise is crucial when facing the aftermath of a devastating collision. These accidents often involve significant injuries, property damage, and complex legal issues. Navigating the insurance claims process and pursuing compensation can feel overwhelming, but understanding your rights and the legal landscape is paramount. This guide provides insights into San Antonio truck accident laws, common causes of these incidents, and the vital role a skilled attorney plays in securing justice and fair compensation.
From understanding Texas’ specific statutes regarding truck accident liability to gathering crucial evidence at the accident scene, we’ll cover the steps involved in building a strong case. We’ll explore the different types of damages you may be entitled to, including medical expenses, lost wages, pain and suffering, and more. We’ll also discuss the process of negotiating a settlement or, if necessary, preparing for trial. This comprehensive overview will empower you to make informed decisions and protect your interests after a truck accident.
Understanding San Antonio Truck Accident Laws
Navigating the legal landscape after a truck accident in San Antonio can be complex. Understanding Texas laws governing liability and the process of filing a lawsuit is crucial for accident victims seeking compensation for their injuries and losses. This section will provide an overview of key legal aspects relevant to truck accident claims in the state.
Texas Laws Pertaining to Truck Accidents
Texas law, specifically the Texas Transportation Code and the Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code, governs liability in truck accidents. These statutes address issues such as driver negligence, vehicle maintenance, and the responsibility of trucking companies. Determining liability often involves investigating multiple parties, including the truck driver, the trucking company, and potentially even the manufacturer of the truck or its components. The specific laws applied will depend heavily on the circumstances of the accident, including the actions of all parties involved and the condition of the vehicles and roadway. For instance, a driver’s failure to maintain a safe following distance or obey traffic signals could lead to liability. Similarly, a trucking company’s failure to properly maintain its vehicles or comply with federal hours-of-service regulations could result in liability.
Liability in Trucking Accidents
Liability in Texas truck accidents is typically established through demonstrating negligence. This means proving that the at-fault party owed a duty of care to the injured party, breached that duty, and that this breach directly caused the accident and resulting injuries. Texas follows a comparative negligence system, meaning that the injured party’s own negligence can reduce the amount of compensation they receive. However, even if the injured party is partially at fault, they can still recover damages as long as their negligence is not greater than 50%. Specific statutes relevant to liability include those addressing negligent operation of a commercial motor vehicle, vicarious liability of employers for the actions of their employees, and the responsibility of carriers for the proper maintenance of their vehicles. These laws provide the legal framework for pursuing claims against responsible parties.
Filing a Lawsuit After a Truck Accident in San Antonio
The process of filing a lawsuit after a truck accident in San Antonio begins with gathering evidence, such as police reports, medical records, witness statements, and photographs of the accident scene. This evidence is crucial for establishing liability and damages. After gathering evidence, a personal injury lawsuit is filed with the appropriate court in Bexar County, where San Antonio is located. The lawsuit will name all potentially liable parties as defendants. The legal process involves pre-trial discovery, which includes exchanging information and evidence with the opposing side. Negotiations and settlement attempts often occur before trial. If a settlement cannot be reached, the case proceeds to trial. The entire process can be lengthy and complex, often taking months or even years to resolve.
Comparison of Truck Accident Claim Types
The following table compares different types of truck accident claims:
| Claim Type | Description | Examples of Damages | Relevant Statutes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Negligence | Failure to exercise reasonable care | Medical bills, lost wages, pain and suffering | Texas Transportation Code |
| Vicarious Liability | Employer’s liability for employee’s actions | Same as negligence | Texas Civil Practice & Remedies Code |
| Product Liability | Defect in truck or component | Same as negligence, plus property damage | Texas Product Liability Act |
| Wrongful Death | Death caused by truck accident | Funeral expenses, loss of companionship, lost wages | Texas Wrongful Death Statute |
Common Causes of Truck Accidents in San Antonio
Truck accidents in San Antonio, like in other major metropolitan areas, stem from a complex interplay of factors. Understanding these contributing causes is crucial for preventing future incidents and holding responsible parties accountable. This section will examine some of the most prevalent reasons behind these collisions, focusing on driver behavior, vehicle maintenance, and the inherent risks associated with different types of commercial vehicles.
Driver Fatigue
Driver fatigue significantly contributes to the high incidence of truck accidents. Long hours behind the wheel, coupled with demanding delivery schedules and pressure to meet deadlines, often lead to driver exhaustion. This exhaustion impairs judgment, reaction time, and overall alertness, increasing the likelihood of accidents. For instance, a fatigued driver might miss a crucial traffic signal, fail to maintain a safe following distance, or drift into another lane. The consequences can be devastating, resulting in serious injuries or fatalities. Regulations regarding hours of service for truck drivers aim to mitigate this risk, but enforcement and adherence remain critical concerns.
Inadequate Truck Maintenance
Neglecting routine maintenance on large commercial vehicles is another major contributor to accidents. Brake failure, tire blowouts, and malfunctioning lights are common outcomes of poor maintenance. These mechanical failures can quickly escalate into dangerous situations, particularly at high speeds. For example, a failure in the braking system could render a truck unable to stop in time, leading to a rear-end collision. Similarly, a tire blowout can cause a truck to lose control, potentially resulting in a rollover or collision with other vehicles. Regular inspections and proactive maintenance are essential to minimize these risks.
Types of Trucks Involved in Accidents
While 18-wheelers (semi-trucks) are often associated with major accidents due to their size and weight, delivery trucks and other commercial vehicles also contribute significantly to the overall accident rate. Statistical data from the Texas Department of Transportation or similar agencies could provide a detailed breakdown of accident rates for different types of trucks operating in the San Antonio area. This data would highlight the relative risk associated with each type of vehicle, informing targeted safety initiatives and preventative measures. For example, while 18-wheelers might be involved in more severe accidents due to their size and weight, smaller delivery trucks might be involved in a higher number of less severe accidents due to their higher frequency on the roads. Analyzing this data allows for a more nuanced understanding of the accident landscape.
Gathering Evidence After a San Antonio Truck Accident
Securing evidence immediately following a San Antonio truck accident is crucial for building a strong case. The initial moments after the collision are critical, as evidence can be easily lost, damaged, or altered. Acting swiftly and systematically is paramount to protect your rights and pursue fair compensation.
Securing Evidence at the Accident Scene
Following a truck accident, your priority should be your safety and the safety of others. Once you’re safe, immediately begin documenting the scene. This process involves a series of steps designed to preserve critical information.
- Call Emergency Services: Contact 911 immediately to report the accident and request medical assistance. This ensures prompt medical care and initiates the official accident report process.
- Ensure Safety: If possible and safe to do so, move yourself and any injured parties to a safe location away from the immediate accident area. Turn on hazard lights.
- Document the Scene: Take photographs and videos of the accident scene from multiple angles. Include damage to all vehicles, skid marks, road conditions, traffic signals, and any visible injuries. Capture the surroundings, including street signs and any relevant landmarks.
- Record Vehicle Information: Note down the make, model, and license plate numbers of all vehicles involved, including the trucking company’s information if possible.
- Obtain Police Report Information: Get the officer’s name and badge number, and note the report number. This official report will be a key piece of evidence in your case.
Obtaining Witness Statements
Witness accounts can significantly strengthen your case. Eyewitnesses can corroborate your version of events and provide valuable insights not captured in other evidence.
Approach witnesses calmly and politely. Ask them to provide their contact information and a brief description of what they saw. It’s advisable to take detailed notes of their statements, including their names, addresses, phone numbers, and email addresses. If possible, record their statements with their consent. Remember, the accuracy and detail of witness statements are paramount.
Preserving Crucial Evidence: Photos and Videos
High-quality photographic and video evidence is invaluable in a truck accident case. Images and videos can visually demonstrate the extent of damage, the position of vehicles, and the overall accident scene.
Use a high-resolution camera or smartphone to capture clear and comprehensive images and videos. Take multiple shots from various angles, focusing on details such as tire marks, vehicle damage, and any visible injuries. Ensure that the date and time stamps are visible on all photos and videos. Store this evidence securely and make backups to prevent loss or damage.
Essential Documents for a Truck Accident Claim
Gathering the right documents is crucial for a successful claim. These documents provide concrete evidence supporting your case and help demonstrate the extent of your losses.
- Police Report: The official accident report provides an objective account of the incident.
- Medical Records: All medical bills, doctor’s notes, and therapy records related to your injuries.
- Insurance Information: Your own insurance policy details and the insurance information of the trucking company and other drivers involved.
- Employment Records: Documentation of lost wages due to the accident, including pay stubs and employment contracts.
- Repair Bills: Estimates and receipts for vehicle repairs or replacement.
- Witness Statements: Written or recorded statements from anyone who witnessed the accident.
Determining Liability in San Antonio Truck Accidents
Determining liability in San Antonio truck accidents involves a complex evaluation of various factors, often requiring in-depth investigation and legal expertise. Liability is not always straightforward and can involve multiple parties sharing responsibility for the accident’s consequences. Understanding the legal framework governing these cases is crucial for accident victims seeking compensation.
Factors Considered in Determining Liability
Several key factors are considered when determining liability in a San Antonio truck accident. These include driver negligence (such as speeding, distracted driving, or failing to obey traffic signals), vehicle malfunction, inadequate maintenance, and the actions of other drivers involved. Evidence such as police reports, witness statements, dashcam footage, and accident reconstruction analyses are crucial in establishing fault. Furthermore, the adherence to federal and state regulations concerning hours of service, driver qualifications, and vehicle maintenance plays a significant role in determining the liability of trucking companies.
The Role of Trucking Companies in Accident Liability
Trucking companies bear significant responsibility for the safety of their drivers and the vehicles they operate. They are held accountable for ensuring proper driver training, adherence to hours-of-service regulations, vehicle maintenance, and background checks for their drivers. Failure to meet these standards can lead to vicarious liability, meaning the company can be held responsible for the negligent actions of its employees, even if the company itself did not directly cause the accident. This responsibility stems from the principle that trucking companies have a duty of care to ensure the safe operation of their vehicles on public roads. For instance, if a trucking company fails to properly maintain a vehicle, leading to a brake failure that causes an accident, the company could be held liable, regardless of the driver’s actions.
Vicarious Liability in Truck Accident Cases
Vicarious liability is a cornerstone of truck accident litigation. It holds employers responsible for the negligent acts of their employees committed within the scope of their employment. In the context of truck accidents, this means a trucking company can be held liable for the negligence of its drivers, even if the company itself wasn’t directly involved in the accident. This is based on the principle of *respondeat superior*, meaning “let the master answer.” For example, if a truck driver causes an accident due to fatigue resulting from violating hours-of-service regulations, the trucking company can be held vicariously liable for failing to prevent the driver’s negligence.
Scenarios of Shared Liability
Liability in truck accidents is not always solely on one party. Multiple parties may share responsibility for the accident. For example, a car driver might be partially at fault for causing an accident with a truck, even if the truck driver was also negligent. Another scenario involves a trucking company being liable alongside a parts supplier if a faulty part contributed to the accident. The allocation of liability in these shared-fault scenarios is determined by the degree of each party’s negligence, often assessed by a jury or judge based on the presented evidence. The apportionment of fault can significantly impact the amount of compensation an injured party receives. In cases of shared liability, each liable party is responsible for their proportionate share of the damages.
The Role of a San Antonio Truck Accident Lawyer
Navigating the aftermath of a San Antonio truck accident can be overwhelming. The physical injuries, emotional distress, and financial burdens can quickly become insurmountable. This is where the expertise of a skilled San Antonio truck accident lawyer becomes invaluable. They provide crucial support and guidance, helping victims secure the compensation they deserve.
A San Antonio truck accident lawyer offers a wide range of services designed to protect the rights and interests of their clients. These services extend far beyond simply filing a lawsuit. They encompass every aspect of the legal process, from initial consultation and investigation to negotiation and litigation, ensuring victims receive comprehensive support throughout their journey to recovery.
Services Offered by a San Antonio Truck Accident Lawyer
A San Antonio truck accident lawyer’s services encompass a comprehensive approach to representing accident victims. This includes investigating the accident thoroughly, gathering evidence, negotiating with insurance companies, and representing the client in court if necessary. They also handle all communication with insurance adjusters and other parties involved, shielding clients from unnecessary stress and pressure. Furthermore, they provide guidance on medical treatment options and help clients manage their medical bills and lost wages. Finally, they are adept at determining liability and building a strong case to maximize compensation for damages suffered.
Assistance with Navigating the Legal Process
The legal process following a truck accident can be complex and confusing. Insurance companies often employ tactics designed to minimize payouts. A San Antonio truck accident lawyer simplifies this process, guiding clients through each step, from filing the initial claim to potential court proceedings. They handle all necessary paperwork, deadlines, and legal procedures, allowing clients to focus on their recovery. The lawyer acts as a staunch advocate, ensuring their client’s rights are protected at every stage. For instance, they might help secure necessary medical records, interview witnesses, and consult with accident reconstruction experts to build a robust case.
Maximizing Compensation Through Legal Representation
Insurance companies are businesses focused on profit. They often undervalue claims, attempting to settle for less than the victim deserves. A lawyer’s deep understanding of truck accident law and insurance procedures is crucial in securing fair compensation. They possess the negotiation skills and litigation experience to challenge lowball offers and pursue the full extent of damages, which may include medical expenses, lost wages, pain and suffering, and property damage. Without legal representation, victims may unknowingly accept a settlement far below the actual value of their claim. For example, a lawyer might identify additional damages, such as future medical care needs or loss of earning capacity, that an unrepresented victim might overlook.
Benefits of Hiring a San Antonio Truck Accident Lawyer
The decision to hire a lawyer is a significant one, but the benefits often outweigh the costs. Choosing experienced counsel can significantly impact the outcome of your case.
- Increased Chances of a Favorable Settlement: Lawyers possess the knowledge and experience to negotiate effectively with insurance companies, often leading to significantly higher settlements than victims obtain on their own.
- Protection Against Insurance Company Tactics: Insurance adjusters are trained to minimize payouts. A lawyer acts as a shield, protecting clients from aggressive tactics and ensuring fair treatment.
- Thorough Investigation and Evidence Gathering: Lawyers conduct comprehensive investigations, gathering crucial evidence that strengthens their client’s case.
- Handling of Complex Legal Procedures: The legal process is intricate. A lawyer manages all paperwork, deadlines, and court appearances, relieving stress on the client.
- Access to Expert Witnesses: Lawyers can consult with accident reconstructionists, medical professionals, and other experts to support their client’s claims.
- Representation in Court: If a settlement cannot be reached, a lawyer will aggressively represent the client in court.
- Peace of Mind: Knowing you have a skilled professional advocating for your rights provides invaluable peace of mind during a difficult time.
Types of Damages in San Antonio Truck Accident Cases
Successfully pursuing a truck accident claim in San Antonio requires understanding the various types of damages you may be entitled to recover. These damages compensate you for the losses you’ve suffered as a result of the accident, and are broadly categorized as economic and non-economic. Accurately calculating these damages is crucial for a strong settlement or court judgment.
Economic Damages
Economic damages represent quantifiable financial losses resulting from the truck accident. These are typically easier to prove than non-economic damages because they involve concrete evidence like bills and pay stubs. The goal is to accurately reflect the total financial burden placed upon the injured party.
- Medical Bills: This includes all expenses related to treatment, such as doctor visits, hospital stays, surgeries, physical therapy, medication, and medical equipment. Detailed records from healthcare providers are essential in substantiating these claims.
- Lost Wages: This encompasses current and future lost income due to the inability to work as a result of injuries sustained in the accident. Proof includes pay stubs, tax returns, employment contracts, and expert testimony from vocational rehabilitation specialists who can assess future earning capacity.
- Property Damage: Repair or replacement costs for your vehicle and any other damaged property are included. Estimates from repair shops and appraisals are vital documentation.
- Future Medical Expenses: If your injuries require ongoing treatment or future surgeries, these projected costs, supported by expert medical testimony, are also recoverable.
Non-Economic Damages
Non-economic damages are harder to quantify because they involve intangible losses. These damages address the subjective impact of the accident on the victim’s life. They represent the suffering endured and aim to provide fair compensation for the pain and emotional distress.
- Pain and Suffering: This compensates for the physical pain, discomfort, and emotional distress experienced due to the injuries. The severity and duration of the pain, along with its impact on daily life, are considered.
- Emotional Distress: This includes anxiety, depression, PTSD, and other mental health conditions stemming from the accident. Medical records, therapy bills, and expert testimony from mental health professionals are critical for proving these damages.
- Loss of Consortium: This applies if the accident affects the injured person’s relationship with their spouse or family members. It compensates for the loss of companionship, intimacy, and support.
Calculating Damages: A Hypothetical Scenario
Let’s consider a hypothetical scenario: Maria was involved in a truck accident resulting in a broken leg, requiring surgery and extensive physical therapy. Her medical bills totaled $50,000, and she lost $30,000 in wages due to her inability to work. She also experienced significant pain and suffering, and her emotional distress required ongoing therapy.
Her economic damages are readily calculable: $50,000 (medical) + $30,000 (lost wages) = $80,000. Calculating her non-economic damages is more complex and often involves expert testimony and consideration of similar cases. A lawyer would use various methods, including multipliers applied to economic damages or comparing her case to similar settled cases, to arrive at a fair amount for pain and suffering and emotional distress. This could reasonably range from $50,000 to $150,000 or more, depending on the severity of her pain, emotional trauma, and the length of her recovery. The total damages in Maria’s case could therefore potentially range from $130,000 to $230,000 or more. The final amount will depend on the specifics of her case and the skill of her legal representation.
It’s crucial to remember that this is a hypothetical example. The actual calculation of damages in any truck accident case is highly fact-specific and requires the expertise of a qualified San Antonio truck accident lawyer.
Negotiating a Settlement or Going to Trial
After gathering evidence and establishing liability in your San Antonio truck accident case, your attorney will likely pursue a settlement with the at-fault party’s insurance company. However, if a fair settlement cannot be reached, the case may proceed to trial. Understanding the process of both settlement negotiations and trial preparation is crucial for maximizing your chances of a successful outcome.
Settlement Negotiations with Insurance Companies, San antonio truck accident lawyer
Negotiating a settlement involves a series of communications between your attorney and the insurance adjuster representing the at-fault party. Your attorney will present a comprehensive demand package outlining the damages you have suffered, supported by medical records, lost wage statements, and other evidence. The insurance company will then make a counteroffer, which may be significantly lower than your initial demand. This process often involves back-and-forth negotiations, with your attorney advocating for your best interests throughout. A successful negotiation requires a thorough understanding of your case’s strengths and weaknesses, as well as a skillful ability to persuade the insurance adjuster to offer a fair settlement. For example, a strong case with compelling evidence of significant injuries and damages is more likely to result in a higher settlement offer. Conversely, a case with weak evidence or ambiguous liability may result in a lower offer. The ultimate goal is to reach an agreement that compensates you fairly for your losses without the need for a lengthy and costly trial.
Preparing for a Truck Accident Trial
Preparing for trial is a meticulous and time-consuming process. Your attorney will gather all relevant evidence, including witness statements, police reports, medical records, photographs, and expert testimony. They will also conduct thorough legal research to identify applicable laws and precedents. A crucial part of trial preparation is developing a strong legal strategy and practicing the presentation of your case, including witness examination and cross-examination. Mock trials are often used to refine the strategy and prepare witnesses for the actual trial. For instance, your attorney might practice questioning a key witness to anticipate potential objections from the opposing counsel and ensure a smooth presentation of their testimony. This comprehensive preparation aims to present a compelling and persuasive case to the judge or jury.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Settling Versus Going to Trial
The decision of whether to settle or go to trial involves weighing the potential benefits and drawbacks of each option.
| Factor | Settlement | Trial |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | Generally less expensive | Can be very expensive (expert witness fees, attorney fees, etc.) |
| Time | Faster resolution | Can take months or even years |
| Certainty | Guaranteed outcome (though potentially less than what a jury might award) | Uncertain outcome; the jury’s decision is unpredictable |
| Control | Less control over the final outcome | More control over the presentation of your case |
Flowchart Illustrating the Steps in a Truck Accident Lawsuit
The following flowchart illustrates the typical steps involved in a San Antonio truck accident lawsuit:
[A descriptive flowchart would be inserted here. The flowchart would visually represent the following steps: Accident Occurs → Investigation & Evidence Gathering → Demand Letter Sent to Insurance Company → Negotiation & Settlement Attempts → Failure to Settle → Filing of Lawsuit → Discovery Phase (interrogatories, depositions, etc.) → Mediation (optional) → Trial Preparation → Trial → Verdict/Judgment → Appeal (if applicable)]
Illustrating the Impact of Truck Accidents
The devastating consequences of a truck accident in San Antonio extend far beyond the immediate crash. Victims often face a long and arduous journey of physical and emotional recovery, grappling with significant medical expenses, lost wages, and the lasting trauma of the event. Understanding the full impact of these accidents is crucial for both victims and those seeking legal recourse.
The physical and emotional toll on victims can be immense. Consider, for example, a scenario involving a passenger car colliding with a large eighteen-wheeler at a busy intersection. The force of the impact could result in severe injuries, including broken bones, traumatic brain injuries, spinal cord damage, and internal bleeding. The immediate aftermath might involve emergency responders, frantic calls to family, and the terrifying transport to a trauma center.
Physical Consequences of Truck Accidents
The physical repercussions of such a collision can be long-lasting and debilitating. Broken bones may require surgery, casting, and extensive physical therapy. Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) can lead to cognitive impairments, memory loss, and personality changes, requiring ongoing medical care and rehabilitation. Spinal cord injuries can result in paralysis, necessitating extensive modifications to the victim’s home and lifestyle, and often incurring significant ongoing medical expenses, including the costs of specialized equipment and 24/7 care. Internal injuries, such as organ damage, may require multiple surgeries and extended hospital stays, leading to substantial medical debt. Even seemingly minor injuries, such as whiplash, can cause chronic pain and limit a victim’s ability to work or participate in daily activities. The extent and severity of these injuries directly correlate with the impact force, the type of vehicle involved, and the safety features present (or lacking) at the time of the collision.
Emotional Consequences of Truck Accidents
Beyond the physical trauma, victims often experience significant emotional distress. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common consequence, manifesting as anxiety, nightmares, flashbacks, and avoidance of situations that trigger memories of the accident. Depression and anxiety are also frequently reported, impacting the victim’s ability to maintain relationships, work, and engage in daily life. The emotional toll on family members is equally substantial, with loved ones often experiencing feelings of helplessness, grief, and anger. The emotional recovery process can be lengthy and may require professional counseling, support groups, and medication. The long-term impact of the accident extends to family dynamics and financial stability, as the victim may struggle to fulfill their previous roles and responsibilities.
The Aftermath and Recovery Process
The aftermath of a serious truck accident often involves a complex and lengthy recovery process. Initial medical treatment may include emergency surgery, hospitalization, and intensive care. Following discharge, victims often require ongoing physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, depending on the nature and severity of their injuries. The process of healing is gradual and may involve multiple surgeries, setbacks, and periods of intense pain. The financial burden is substantial, encompassing medical bills, lost wages, rehabilitation costs, and potential modifications to the home or vehicle. Legal action may be necessary to secure compensation for medical expenses, lost income, pain and suffering, and other damages. The victim’s life is irrevocably altered, requiring significant adjustments to their daily routines, social life, and career prospects. The road to recovery is a marathon, not a sprint, and the physical and emotional consequences can linger for years, impacting all aspects of the victim’s life.
Final Review: San Antonio Truck Accident Lawyer
Suffering a truck accident in San Antonio can be a life-altering experience. The physical and emotional toll is often immense, compounded by the complexities of the legal system. However, understanding your rights and having a skilled San Antonio truck accident lawyer on your side can make a significant difference in the outcome. Remember, securing the compensation you deserve requires careful planning, evidence gathering, and strong legal representation. Don’t hesitate to seek legal counsel immediately after an accident to protect your future.
FAQ Explained
What is the statute of limitations for a truck accident lawsuit in Texas?
Texas generally has a two-year statute of limitations for personal injury lawsuits, including truck accidents. This means you must file your lawsuit within two years of the accident date.
Do I need a lawyer if the trucking company offers a quick settlement?
It’s highly recommended to consult a lawyer before accepting any settlement offer. Insurance companies often make low initial offers, and a lawyer can help you determine the true value of your claim.
What if I’m partially at fault for the accident?
Texas follows a modified comparative negligence rule. You can still recover damages even if you’re partially at fault, but your recovery will be reduced by your percentage of fault.
How much does a truck accident lawyer cost?
Many truck accident lawyers work on a contingency fee basis, meaning they only get paid if they win your case. It’s best to discuss fees and payment arrangements directly with a potential lawyer.
